【摘要】 近年来 ,科学家在许多真核生物中发现了一类能时序调控发育进程 ,长度约为 2 1个核苷酸的小分子RNA ,并称其为miRNA (microRNA) .最近研究表明 ,它与早先在RNAi (RNAinterference)中发现的siRNA(smallinterferingRNA)具有很大的相关性 ,并在不同水平上参与了生物体内的遗传调控和基因重组等重要过程 .miRNA基因调控的特殊方式 ,高度的保守性 ,可能的加工机制以及它的发现所引发的讨论已引起人们的普遍关注更多还原

【Abstract】 Recently, a class of ～21 nucleotides(nt) small RNA have been discovered in many eukaryotes, termed miRNAs (microRNAs), which were first identified as key temporal regulators in development. So far, large quantities of studies have revealed that miRNAs have played important roles in genetic control at many different levels and rearrangement of genome. Besides, its association with siRNA (small interfering RNA) previously discovered in RNAi (RNA interference) in the further researches becomes much closer than it has ever been considered. Its pathway directing translational repression, the surprisingly high conservation of certain miRNA, the mechanism of process of mature miRNA and genetic regulation compared with that of siRNA were focused. Finally several discussions arising peoples interests caused by the discovery of miRNA are made.更多还原