【摘要】 对于要承担电网负荷备用任务的水电站 ,空耗是由于水电站负荷备用容量预留过多而造成水量损失 ,理论的计算方法复杂 ,不易实现。空耗水量的计算可以通过水电机组的空载流量进行近似计算 ,在水电厂运行过程中 ,如果实际备用超过了电网所需要的合理备用 ,同时超出的部分达到一台机组的可调出力 ,说明目前所开水电机组台数不合理 ,造成了一台或一台以上机组的浪费 ,即可以理解为有机组空载 ,通过空耗的机组台数就可以计算空载所浪费的水量作为空耗水量。通过对龙羊峡水电站的 2 0 0 1年空耗水量的计算 ,得到该年龙羊峡水电站空耗损失水量 3 0 1 1 2亿m3,折算电量 75 0 6 4645万kW·h ,说明该方法合理、可行更多还原

【Abstract】 At the hydropower plant undertaking stand by load of the elctric network, the w ater loss of the hydropower plant is caused by overreserved spare capacity, its computation is theory complicated and is difficult. The water loss can be obtain ed approximately by computing the no load discharge of hydropower unit. At the operation of hydropower plants, if the real spare capacity surpasses the proper and reasonable spare capacity and the superabundance is greater than adjustable output of a unit, it means the number of running units is not proper and more th an one unit is of no effect. So the water loss can be computed by counting the a mount of water wasted by those units running ineffectively. This method is appli ed to the computation of the water loss at Longyangxia Hydropower Plant in 2001 and the result shows that 301 12 Mm 3 water was wasted for no load running, w hich amounts to 75 06MkW·h.更多还原