【摘要】 目的 研究葡萄球菌的临床分布和耐药性,指导临床合理应用抗生素。方法 应用ATB自动细菌鉴定仪及药敏分析仪对临床标本中分离的327株葡萄球菌进行鉴定和药敏试验,同时进行MRS检测,并结合临床资料进行分析。结果共分离出葡萄球菌327株,其中金葡菌138株（42.2％）,居第一位;表皮葡萄球菌101株（30.9％）位居第二;其它如溶血葡萄球菌、人葡萄球菌、沃氏葡萄球菌等均占有一定比例。327株葡萄球菌中共检出耐苯唑西林葡萄球菌（MRS）230株,占70.3％,苯唑西林敏感葡萄球菌（MSS）97株。MSS对青霉素和红霉素的耐药率高,分别为80₈％-82.2％和44.4％-51.9％,对其它抗菌素均敏感。MRS对万古霉素、替考拉宁、呋喃妥因和利福平等敏感性高,对其余多种抗菌素耐药。葡萄球菌主要分离自呼吸道、泌尿道、感染伤口和血液等标本。科室分布依次是ICU、肿瘤科和外科等。结论 临床分离菌中的葡萄球菌日益增多,对抗菌素的耐药率增高,本院MRS检出率较高,应重视MRS的检测和药敏试验。同时,临床医师应根据药敏结果,合理有效地选用抗菌素。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To survey the clinical distribution and antimicrobial bacterial resistance of Staphylococcus for the guidance of rational use of antibiotics. Methods The identification and the drug susceptibility tests were analyzed by ATB automatic microbiology analytical in-strunment system,and meantime detected meticillin - resistant Staphylococcus(MRS) , and analyzed the clinical data. Results 327 strains of Staphylococcus were collected in our hospital. 138 strains of Staphylococcus aureus(42.2% ) is in the first place, 101 strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis(30.9%) is in the second place,other(such as S. haemolyticus, S. hominis, S. warneri, et al) are detected.230 MRS strains were isolated and accounted for 70.3% of 327 isolates of Staphylococcus. Among 97 MSS strains, the resistant rates of penicillin and erythromycin were 80.8%-82.2% and 44.4%-51.9% respectively, while most MSS strains were sensitive to the other 12 antibiotics. All MRS strains were sensitive to teicoplanin, vancomycin and most of them were sensitive to nitrofurantoin and rifampin, however most of these strains were resistant to the other antibiotics. Staphylococci were mainly isolated from respiratory tract, urinary tract, infected wounds and blood. Most of them were from ICU, surgery and tumor department. Conclusion The number of Staphylococcus among clinical isolates as well as their antibiotic resistance are increasing. The incidence of MRS were high in our hospital. We should pay much attention to detecting MRS and their susceptibility to antibiotics. Afterward, doctors use the antibiotics reasonably and effectively depending on the result.更多还原