【摘要】 为研究中国高容积率多层住宅小区的微气候特征,对中国南方深圳一围合式住宅小区进行了微气候综合测量,揭示了此类小区热环境的主要特征,并对模拟预测方法的研究提出建议。实测结果表明:小区内温度分布非常均匀,而太阳辐射和建筑外表面以及下垫面间的长波辐射才是导致小区内不同位置热舒适性存在较大差异的主要因素。因此住宅小区微气候的模拟研究应着重于长、短波辐射过程以及固体导热、蓄热过程的分析。此外,对于不利于自然通风的围合式楼群,采用合理的建筑构造(如架空结构)和开口位置可以达到强化通风和降低区域温差的良好效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effect of various thermal characteristics on the microclimate within buildings with enclosed or partially enclosed yards was studied using field measurements in a semi-enclosed yard residential building block in Shenzhen of southern China. The tests show that the air temperatures inside the residential block are quite homogeneous, while both solar radiation and long-wave radiation between the walls and the ground are the main factors which most affect the outdoor thermal comfort. Solar radiation, long-wave radiation, and heat conduction and storage in the fabrics and ground are the most important factors to be considered in microclimate modeling. Even in an enclosed yard structure, a well design natural ventilation path such as a partially open first floor or an opening facing the predominant wind direction will effectively improve the outdoor thermal comfort within the block.更多还原