【摘要】 目的:探讨雾化吸入氯胺酮对气道反应性及肺和小气道病理改变的影响。方法:用整体引喘法分别测定雾化吸入1％～5％氯胺酮5 min后和3％氯胺酮雾化吸入3、5、10、15、30 min后对豚鼠气道反应性的变化。每天豚鼠雾化吸入5％氯胺酮2 h,连续6天后观察肺部的病理变化。测定雾化吸入3％或5％氯胺酮30 min后小鼠的痛阈改变。结果:2％～5％氯胺酮雾化吸入5 min后有明显的气道舒张作用(P<0.05)。3％氯胺酮雾化吸入5 min以上均有舒张气道的效应(P<0.05)。且各时点之间无明显区别(P>0.05)。3％和5％氯胺酮雾化吸入对小鼠的痛阈无影响(P>0.05)。连续6天雾化吸入5％氯胺酮后未见气道与肺明显的病理变化。结论:3％～5％氯胺酮雾化吸入5 min以上有良好的平喘作用。氯胺酮雾化吸入对外周痛阈不产生明显影响。氯胺酮雾化吸入对肺和小气道不产生病理影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To investigate the effect of aerosolized ketamine on airway reactivity. Methods: ① The guinea pigs were challenged with 2% acetylcholine 0. 1% histamine mixture for 1 min, afterward the effects of 1%-5% aerosolized ketamine for 5 min and 3% aerosolized ketamine for 3,5,10,15,30 min to the airway reactivity of guinea pigs were surveyed. ② Other guinea pigs were inhalated 5% aerosolized ketamine for 2 h everyday and the middle lobes of the right lung were taken for pathologic examination after 6 days inhalation.③ The effects of 3% and 5% aerosolized ketamine on the threshold of pain were determined in female rats with the hot-plank test. Results: 2%-5% aerosolized ketamine inhalation had an obvious effect on airway relaxing (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the effects on airway relaxing among different time points of 5, 10, 15 or 30 min after 3% aerosolized ketamine inhalation. The pain threshold was not significantly changed after 3% or 5% aerosolized ketamine inhalation for 30 min. No marked pathological change was found in the lung slides after 6 days 5% aerosolized ketamine inhalation. Conclusion:① 2% -5% aerosolized ketamine inhalation for more than 5 min has an obvious preventive effect on the gasping of the airway induced by acetylcholine and histamine. ② Aerosolized ketamine inhalation does not change the peripheral pain threshold in rats. ③ Aerosolized ketamine inhalation has no pathological effect on the lung and small airwayin guinea pigs.更多还原