【摘要】 为了筛选优良的新型小麦雄性不育系,对斯卑尔脱、云南铁壳麦、提莫菲维小麦、拟斯卑尔脱山羊草等四种异源细胞质在同核异质条件下对不育系及其杂种一代的种子长度、重量及杂种优势的遗传效应作了比较研究。结果表明,斯卑尔脱细胞质对小麦种子大小、重量具有明显正效应,且筛选出了两个由其所配制的具明显杂种优势的杂交组合。这说明,斯卑尔脱细胞质不育系在栽培小麦中易于找到恢复源且恢复度高,其对种子大小和重量的稳定的正效应可能是产生较强杂种优势组合的重要原因之一。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to choose better alien cytoplasms for wheat hybrid breeding, comparative study on the genetic effects of 4 kinds of alien cytoplasms were carried out by measuring seed length and seed weight of the CMS and the hybrid (AF0), as well as the heterosis of the hybrid (AF1). The alien cytoplasms were T. spelta; T. aestivum ssp. yunnanense, king, T. timopheevi, and Ae. speltoides. The results showed that the spelta cytoplasm had significant positive effects on length and weight of wheat seed. Moreover, 2 types of combinations with significant positive heterosis of the spelta cytoplasm were found. Compared with the other cytoplasms, the spelta cytoplasm was easy to be restored with higher restoring rate of the AF1. The heterosis of the spelta cytoplasm may be partly caused by it’s stable effect on the seed length and seed weight. Therefore, the spelta cytoplasm had practical value.更多还原