【摘要】 目的研究宜昌市1978--1999年居民病伤死亡流行病学特征及减寿水平。方法采用流行病学方法、统计学方法和计算机技术,分析评判居民病伤死因构成及减寿损失之间的逻辑效应关系。结果1978--1999年宜昌市城区居民前5位主要死因分别为循环系统疾病、肿瘤、损伤与中毒、呼吸系统疾病、传染病,其中:循环系统疾病死亡率达191.60/10万,在居民病伤死因中所占位置始终是第1位:男性循环系统疾病平均年死亡率为179.92/10万,女性为204.64/10万,女性高于男性。恶性肿瘤一直居死亡原因第2位,年均死亡率为85.62/10万,男性105.44/10万高于女性63.48/10万。损伤与中毒总死亡率由1978年的71.35/10万下降至1999年的45.20/10万。但仍占居民病伤总死亡率的第3位。损伤与中毒死亡原因主要是交通事故、淹死和自杀。减寿损失损伤与中毒最高占17.80‰:肿瘤次之占10.70‰。结论居民病伤死因顺位及构成已发生明显改变,由循环系统疾病取代传染病成为第一位死因,死亡年龄日趋老年化,应加强对慢性非传染性疾病防治工作的力度;另外伤害的减寿率居高不下的现实,应引起有关部门对青少年生命健康的高度重视。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the epidemiological character of the resident death and level of PYLL. Methods Epidemiological and statistics methods and computer technology were adopted to adjudicate the logical relations between level and proportion of deaths cause.Results The main cause of leading diseases were circulatory diseases,malignant tumour,injury,respiratory diseases,infectious diseases.The annual mortality rates of circulatory diseases averaged 191.6/10~5 with male 179.92/10~5 and female 204.64/10~5 during 1978-1999,which was in the frist rank among the sequency of death cause.The annual mortality rates of malignant tumour averaged 85.62/10~5 with male 105.44/10~5 and female 63.48/10~5,which was in the second rank.The overall mortality rate of injury among residents decreased form 71.35/10~5 to 45.20/10~5 from 1978 to 1999.But the death rate of injuty still ranked in the top three positions among the overall mortality.The leading cause of death of injuty was traffic accident,drowning and suicide.It was highest for injury that equals to 17.80% of the total life lost,and malignant tumour was in second place by 10.70%.Conclusion It had taken changed for the rank of deaths cause so as to the first rank for circulatory diseases instead of infectious diseases.The ages of deaths trended to elder annually. The prevention and treatment of osteopenia should be chronic non-infectious diseases.The government should pay great attention to the health for adolescence according to the high life lost rate(LLR)of wounds and injuries.更多还原