【摘要】 目的　研究大鼠脑脊髓室管膜上皮细胞的区域性结构特征 ,并初步探讨其功能。　方法　采用扫描电子显微镜观察法。　结果　侧脑室壁室管膜上皮细胞游离端呈不规则多边形 ,可见纤毛及微绒毛 ,偶见分泌泡。侧脑室脉络丛上皮细胞游离端呈不规则多角形、梭形或三角形 ,微绒毛、分泌泡丰富 ,纤毛少见 ,可见“丛上细胞”。第Ⅲ脑室室管膜上皮细胞具明显区域性 ,脑室底部上皮细胞微绒毛短小、散在 ,有少量分泌粒 ,无纤毛 ;侧壁分泌泡较多 ,纤毛丰富 ;均可见“丛上细胞”。第Ⅲ脑室脉络丛上皮细胞可见大量细长微绒毛 ,分泌泡及“丛上细胞”较少。室间孔室管膜上皮呈梭形 ,长轴与室间孔平行 ,游离面罕见微绒毛 ,“丛上细胞”较多。穹窿下器及终板处室管膜细胞纤毛少见 ,而正中隆起处可见大量纤毛及微绒毛 ,并可见单个散在的纤毛上皮细胞。中脑导水管壁具有平行走向的纵嵴 ,游离面可见大量纤毛、微绒毛及分泌泡。第Ⅳ脑室室管膜上皮具大量长纤毛及微绒毛 ,分泌泡罕见。第Ⅳ脑室脉络丛上皮游离面呈多型性 ,可见短小密集的微绒毛及处于不同分泌周期的分泌泡 ,以及形态各异的“丛上细胞” ,偶见纤毛上皮细胞及特殊的单鞭毛上皮细胞。脊髓中央管结构较简单 ,游离面可见大量长纤毛、微绒毛及分泌泡。　结论　大鼠脑脊髓?更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the regional ultrastructure features and functions of cerebrospinal ependymocytes in rats. Methods Observing by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results The free face of ependymal cells in lateral ventricle was unregular polygon. Cilia,microvilli and scanty secretory vesicles were found.The free face of choroid plexus epithelia in lateral ventricle was unregular polygon,rhombus or triangle. Many microvilli,secretory vesicles,epiplexus cells and scanty cilia were observed.The ependymal cells in third ventricle had obvious regionality.Short,scanty microvilli and a few secretory vesicles were found in its bottom,but no cilium was found. While in the lateral wall of third ventricle many secretory vesicles and cilia were found.Epiplexus cells were observed both in the bottom and in the lateral wall of third ventricle. On the surface of choroid plexus epithelium in third ventricle many long microvilli, few secretory vesicles and epiplexus cells could be found. The ependymocytes in interventricular foramen were rhombiform, whose major axis was parallel with interventricular foramen, the microvilli on surface were scarce, and many epiplexus cells could be found. The ependymal cells in the subfornical organ and terminal plate had few cilia, while in the median eminence many cilia, microvilli and single dispersed ciliated epithelium could be found. The inner wall of the mesencephalic equeduct had parallel longitudinal crista, and on the surface many cilia, microvilli and secretory vesicles could be found. The ependymal cells in fourth ventricle had many long cilia and microvilli, while secretory vesicles were scarce. The free face of choroid plexus epithelia in fourth ventricle was diverse. Short and dense microvilli, secretory vesicles in different secretory periods and epiplexus cells in different forms all could be found. In addition, the ciliated epithelium and special single flagellum epithelial cell were also found occasionally. The structure of spinal central canal was simple comparing with the ventricles. On its free face of ependymal epithelial cells many long cilia, microvilli and secretory vesicles could be seen.Conclusion The free face of cerbrospinal ependymal cells in rats has regional ultrastructural difference, which suggests its regional functional difference. The size and quantity of secretory vesicles, cilia and microvilli may indicate that this region has regional difference in cerbrospinal secretion, flow and metabolism activity respectively. [更多还原