Characteristics of the boundary layer of magnetic clouds and a new definition of the cloud boundary

【Abstract】 Based on the analysis of the boundaries of 70 magnetic clouds from 1967 to 1998, and relatively complete spacecraft observations, it is indicated that the magnetic cloud boundaries are boundary layers formed through the interaction between the magnetic clouds and the ambient me-dium. Most of the outer boundaries of the layers, with relatively high proton temperature, density and plasma b, are magnetic reconnection boundaries, while the inner boundaries, with low proton temperature, proton density and plasma b, separate the main body of magnetic clouds, which has not been affected by the interaction, from the boundary layers. The average time scale of the front boundary layer is 1.7 h and that of the tail boundary layer 3.1 h. It is also found that the magnetic probability distribution function undergoes significant changes across the boundary layers. This new definition, supported by the preliminary numerical simulation in principle, could qualitatively explain the observations of interplanetary magnetic clouds, and could help resolve the controversy in identifying the boundaries of magnetic clouds. Our concept of the boundary layer may provide some understanding of what underlies the observations, and a fresh train of thought in the inter-planetary dynamics research.更多还原