A series of high hardness polyurethane elastomers based on polyoxypropylene polyol, diol chain-extender and polyisocyanate were prepared by one-step process. The effect of the factors, such as equivalent value and average functionality of polyol mixture, polyisocyanate type, on the properties of high-hardness polyurethane elastomers were discussed . The results show that the polyether elastomer based on liquefied MDI and PAPI has the Shore hardness more than 65D.