【摘要】 利用不同比例的乙醚合丙酮混和溶剂及酸处理的方法 ,对从高水分 (质量分数达 4 6 1% )菜子油脚中直接萃取磷脂的效果进行了比较。试验结果表明 ,在每克菜子油脚中加入 0 10ml浓度为1mol·L-1的盐酸的相同处理条件下 ,用混合溶剂萃取时 ,随着混合溶剂中丙酮比例的增加 ,油脂萃取率明显增加 ,残渣率明显减少 (P <0 0 5 )。在使用相同混合溶剂 (乙醚 :丙酮 =80∶2 0 )萃取的条件下 ,改变酸处理量时 ,随着酸处理量的增加 ,油脂萃取率下降 ,残渣率增加。酸处理量为 0 0 5ml·g-1时 ,磷脂萃取率达 2 7 9% ,比浓缩处理磷脂萃取率 (2 6 6 % )高 1 3个百分点。乙醇可溶物萃取率 ,随着丙酮比例的增加趋于减少 ,随着酸处理量的增加趋于提高。萃取液浸出率随时间的变化遵循指数曲线模式 y =a +b(1-e-ct) (r>0 95 )。更多还原

【Abstract】 This work was performed to evaluate the effects of ether-acetone mixed solvents (EAMS) and hydrochloric acid(HCI) treatment on lecithin extraction processing from the wet rapeseed lecithin gums (WRLG) directly. The basis of 1 mol.L -1 HCl(0 1 ml.g -1 ) treatment,when EAMS was used for extraction,oil extraction rate was obviously increased according to the ratio of acetone in EAMS,total residue also obviously decreased. The highest lecithin extraction ratio(24 9%) was found in the EAMS containing 20% of acetone treatment. The basis of EAMS (E:A=80∶20) treatment,HCl quantities were changed,oil extraction ratio were decreased in accordance with increasing HCl in quantity, but total residue was increased. However,the highest lecithin extraction ratio (27 9%) was appeared in 0 05 ml.g -1 WRLG treatment. Extraction ratio of ethanol-soluble substrate tend to be high along with increasing of the hydrochloric acid quantities,impurities in lecithin were obviously decreased according to increasing of acetone and HCl quantity (12 6%vs. 5 6%,4 5%vs. 2 1%, P <0 05). The extract clear rate following index curve model y=a+b(1-e -ct ) through time changes. The result suggested,using EAMS accompany with HCl treatment method enable to rapidly extraction lecithin from WRLG,without concentrate process.更多还原