【摘要】 目的　了解医院内真菌感染的临床特点、危险因素及真菌对药物的敏感情况。方法　采用回顾性调查 ,对 1 999～ 2 0 0 1年住院病例中的真菌感染病例进行统计分析。结果　 3年间发生医院真菌感染 1 0 3例 ,感染构成比由 1 999年的 8.4 7%上升到 2 0 0 1年的 1 8.6 8% ,3年之间差异有显著性意义 (χ2 =1 0 .99,P <0 .0 1 )。引起医院感染的真菌有 7个种 ,其中以白色念珠菌为主 ,占 5 8.2 5 % ;热带念珠菌次之 ,占 2 9.1 3%。医院真菌感染的部位以呼吸道最高 ,占全部医院真菌感染的 2 6 .2 1 % ,其次为泌尿道 ,占 2 0 .39%。被检出的医院内感染真菌抗药模式为 :对 5 氟胞嘧啶、两性霉素B、制霉菌素敏感 ,而对咪康唑、益康唑、酮康唑耐药。医院真菌感染的发生与基础疾病 ,长期使用广谱抗菌药物 ,大量使用免疫抑制剂 ,以及各种侵入性诊疗技术和年龄老龄化等因素密切相关。结论　医院真菌感染有逐年上升趋势 ,已成为医院感染致死的主要因素之一 ;同时医院感染真菌的耐药性也逐渐增多 ,对唑类抗真菌药物已明显耐药更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the clinical features, risk factors and drug susceptibility of hospital fungi infection. Methods Hospitalized patients infected with fungi between 1999 and 2001 were analyzed by retrospective survey. Results One hundred and three cases of fungi infection occurred. The infection constituent ratio went up from 8.47% in 1999 to 18.68% in 2001; seven species of fungi were involved in hospital infection, the most common pathogen was Candida albicans ( 58.25% ), and the next was Candida tropicalis ( 29.13% ). The majority of fungi infection was the respiratory tract infection ( 26.21% ), and the next was the urinary tract infection ( 20.39% ). Most fungi were susceptible to 5 fluorocytosine, amphotericin B, nystatin, but resistant to mionazole, econazole and ketoconazole. Hospital fungi infection was closely related to underlying diseases, long term use of broad spectrum antimicrobial agents, extensive use of immunosuppressants, invasive medical procedures and the aged. Conclusion Hospital fungus infection is getting more and more common and has become one of the major killers of hospital infection, and fungi are getting more and more resistant to anti fungal drugs.更多还原