【摘要】 以地处河西走廊的张掖、临泽、高台和酒泉等县 /市级行政区为景观单元 ,利用LandsetTM影像资料的目视解译 ,在ArcView 3.1和景观格局分析软件FRAGSTATS的支持下 ,计算各绿洲景观格局指标。结果表明 :荒漠类型在四个绿洲景观组分中占绝对优势 ,其次为水浇地 ,但不同绿洲水浇地所占比例相差较大 ,酒泉最高 ,张掖其次 ,高台最低 ;斑块数、斑块密度、边缘密度和平均斑块面积的差异表明 ,张掖绿洲景观类型最多且斑块粒径小 ,而高台则完全相反 ,体现出单调而粒径粗大的荒漠绿洲特征。更多还原

【Abstract】 The research on the landscape patterns is a main domain in landscape ecology. Oasis are one kind of the landscapes with high heterogeneity and diversity, the results of the natural landscapes violently disturbed by human activities, and the most sensitive parts of the ecology in arid areas. Therefore, the research on the patterns of landscapes in oases has become as one of the hot domains in the study of landscape ecology in arid areas. The Hexi corridor is the main region where some oases are distributed and the oasis agriculture is developed well in China. The research on the different patterns of the oasis landscapes can provide the theoretical basis for researching the formation and evolution laws of oases and for the sustainable development of oases. In this paper, the indexes of the landscape patterns in the Zhangye, Linze, Gaotai and Jiuquan oases located in the Hexi Corridor are calculated by taking the administrative regions at county/city level in these oases as the landscape units and by using the TM images under the support of AreView3.1 and FRAGSTATS which is a software used for analyzing the landscape patterns. The results show that the desert types, such as the Gobi deserts, are dominant in the landscapes in the 4 oases, then the irrigated lands. The proportions of 6 landscape types, i.e., the Gobi deserts, sandlands, grasslands with low grass coverage, irrigated lands, saline or alkaline lands and swamps, are 94.7, 94.8, 87.2 and 95.6% in the Linze, Gaotai, Zhangye and Jiuquan oases respectively. The proportion of the irrigated lands is quite different from the different oases, it is highest in Jiuquan Oasis, then in Zhangye Oasis, and it is lowest in Gaotai Oasis. The proportions of forests are all small in the 4 oases. The differences of the number and density of spots, marginal density and average area of the spots reveal that the types of the landscapes are most and the areas of the spots are smallest in Zhangye Oasis, and conversely in Gaotai Oasis.更多还原