【摘要】 首先介绍了可吸入颗粒物中矿物颗粒的研究意义,随后对国内外矿物颗粒的研究现状和研究方向进行了详细论述;使用X射线衍射(XRD)和带能谱的扫描电镜(SEM/EDX)对北京春季可吸入颗粒物中矿物组分进行了初步研究,结果表明,北京春季可吸入颗粒物中的矿物有石英、粘土矿物、硅铝酸盐矿物、硫酸盐矿物等,以硅铝酸盐矿物为主,同时存在新生的矿物颗粒,新生矿物的存在表明有活跃的大气化学反应发生;在研究的基础上,对今后开展矿物颗粒的研究提出了建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Study of minerals in inhalable particulate matter (PM10) in ambient air is of essential implications for the improvement of air quality. Over last decade, mineralogical study of airborne particles has been carried out at home and abroad. The state-of-the-art techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer (SEM/EDX) have been introduced into these studies. Mineral compositions and their variation in urban air have been analyzed and the source and transportation avenues of airborne mineral particles have been identified for a variety of major metropolitans in the world. As a case, the mineral particle in PM10 collected from Beijing air during spring have been studied and the result shows that quartz, clay minerals, silicates and sulfates are present in PM10, with the silicates being major components. Newly born mineral particles, such as gypsum, also exist in Beijing air, which has confirmed that the atmospheric chemical reactions are common in the ambient air of Beijing. The future research should be concentrated on the collecting methods of these fine particles as well as atmospheric chemistry of the PM10.更多还原