【摘要】 细胞凋亡是机体维持自身稳定的一种基本生理机制 ,是有许多基因产物及细胞因子参与的一种有序的细胞自我消亡形式。通过细胞凋亡 ,机体可清除损伤、衰老与突变的细胞来维持自身的稳态平衡和各种器官及系统的正常功能。细胞凋亡可被多种生理性、病理性及其它因素所诱发 ,它的发生过程可分为启始阶段、效应阶段和降解阶段。由于细胞凋亡是一种复杂的生理及病理现象 ,所以在其发生的 3个阶段中涉及不同的信号转导途径及其调控。其中死亡受体途径、线粒体途径和内质网途径是细胞凋亡信号转导的重要途径。这 3条途径的密切联系和相互作用 ,完成了凋亡信号的传导并最终促进或抑制细胞凋亡。另一方面 ,3条途径分别受到包括 Bc1 -2家族蛋白在内的许多因素的调控。它们和 caspase、Bcl-2家族蛋白、smac、调节抑制蛋白及胞内信号转导途径等构成一个复杂的网络机构诱导细胞凋亡并对其进行严密的调控。更多还原

【Abstract】 Apoptosis is a basic physiological mechanism of organism which maintain its stability, and one ordered form of cell death which involved an amount of genetic products and cellular factors. Body can eliminate the cell which is damaged,aged and mutated through apoptosis, in such a way that the body can keep its stability balance and normal function of all kinds of organisms and systems. Apoptosis can be induced by physiological、pathological and other factors, and there are initiation phase,effector phase and degradation phase during the course of its occurrence. Because apoptosis is a complicated physiological and pathological phenomenon, there are different signal transduction pathways and manipulations during its phases-mitochondria signal transduction pathway,death signal transduction pathway and endoplasmic recticulum signal transduction pathway. The interactions and intimate associations of the three phases can complete transductions of apoptotic signals and lead to activate or suppress the apoptosis at last. In addition, the three pathways can be manipulated respectively by many factors including the bc1-2 family proteins. Three pathways and caspase,Bcl-2 family protein,smac,manipulate-repressive proteins,cellular signal transduction pathways consititute a complicated network to control apoptosis.更多还原