【摘要】 介绍了各种新型质子交换膜。重点介绍了多氟聚合物、芳香族聚合物、聚合物基混合物和无机物基复合电解质膜的电导率和热稳定性,分析了它们各自的优点和存在的问题。有机聚合物类质子交换膜的主要问题是如何提高电导率和稳定性,聚合物/酸混合物还要解决其中酸的流失问题。能在150℃以上的高温下工作,并且还依赖水传递质子的无机物质子交换膜是最终开发目标。聚合物/纳米氧化物颗粒复合质子交换膜是一种解决增湿问题的较好过渡方案。Nafion/氧化物(SiO2)颗粒混合电解质的成本仍较高,而且工作温度不能超过150℃。提出了两种新型质子交换膜的制作工艺。更多还原

【Abstract】 Various new proton exchange membranes(PEM) for fuel cells were reviewed. The electric conductivity and thermal stability of partial fluorin polymers, sulfonated aromatic polymers, polymer/acid complexes and inorganic composite PEM were described emphatically while their advantages and disadvantages were analyzed. The key developing trend of organic polymer PEM is to increase its conductivity and thermal stability, and to prevent acid loss from polymer/acid complexes. The final target is to develop the inorganic PEM that can work at more than 150 ℃, and transfer protons without water. The polymer/nano oxide particle composite PEM is a good transitional material to solve the humidification problem. The cost of Nafion/oxide(SiO2) particle mixed electrolyte is still high and its operating temperature is less than 150 ℃. Two technologies for manufacturing new PEM with the proton conductivity about 10-2 S/cm were introduced.更多还原