【摘要】 对散养在 30hm2 场地内的塞加羚羊 (Saigatatarica)一个繁殖群体在 2 0 0 0年 12月 (交配期及其前、后 )和 2 0 0 1年 5～ 7月 (哺乳期 )的昼间时间分配做了观察研究。数据用个体扫描 -瞬时取样法收集。结果表明 :①雌性塞加羚羊在交配期结束后 ,躺卧时间减少 ,进食时间增加 ;从前期到后期 ,站立时间连续递减 ;母羊分娩后 2周内离群单独活动 ,往返于觅食地和幼仔隐藏地之间 ;第 3周起 ,母仔合群。②雄性在交配期的移动多于交配前 ,交配后躺卧时间增加。③塞加羚羊时间分配的性别差异始于交配期 ;这时 ,雄性个体忙于追逐圈赶雌性 ,导致移动时间增加 ,躺卧减少 ;交配期后 ,雌性觅食时间突增 ,而雄性不变 ;雌性进入哺乳期后 ,各月觅食时间均多于雄性。以上时间分配的性别差异反映了它们的繁殖投资差异。上述结果暗示 ,对此类散养动物 ,应在其能量需求高峰期增加投食量 ,以提高繁殖成功率更多还原

【Abstract】 Data on daytime budget of saiga antelopes ( Saiga tatarica ) were collected in a colony of multifemale,one male unit in a 30 ha enclosure in Wuwei,Gansu Province.The state behaviors were scanned and instantaneous sampled with 5 min intervals in two seasons - the mating season [P1,December 2000,including pre mating (a),mating (b) and post mating (c) periods ],and the lactation (P2,May-July,2001).Data processing showed:①After Plb females increased their time in feeding,and reduced that in lying out;from P1a to P1c,time in standing successively reduced;within 2 weeks after giving birth,the females separated from the major group,and returned with lambs in the 3rd week.②The adult male spent more time in moving in P1a than that in P1b,and increased time in lying out after P1b.③Sex difference of time budget,especially the feeding and lying out time,appeared in and after P1b,and the difference could be traced to the differentiation of parental investments - females were the only investors to the offspring since pregnancy.These results implied that supplementary food should increase in the two seasons for the animals better reproduction.更多还原