【摘要】 目的 :探讨常用的五项空间能力测验的结构效度 ,为空间能力评定提供理论依据 .方法 :采用常用的五项空间能力测验对 84名健康男性大学生 (年龄 1 6～ 2 0岁 )进行测量 .用因子分析验证其结构效度 .结果 :定位测验测量的是空间定向能力 ,它在空间定向因子上的载荷为 85 .7% ;两维方格、木块连接、三维方盒测量的是空间视觉化能力 ,它们在空间视觉化上的载荷分别为 84 .6 % ,80 .7%和 81 .5 % ;而三维旋转测量了两种空间能力 ,在视觉化和空间定向两个因子上的载荷分别为 4 4 .7%和 6 0 .7% .结论 :目前应用的空间能力测验存在着一定的误用问题 ;需要编制能够独立测量两种空间能力的测验 ,为飞行员选拔、训练提供科学的理论依据更多还原

【Abstract】 AIM: To explore the construct validities of five common spatial ability tests in order to provide theories of assessing spatial ability. METHODS: Eighty four healthy male college students (aged 16-20 y) were tested by five common spatial ability tests. The tests’ construct validities were analyzed with factor analysis. RESULTS: The Localization Test focused on spatial orientation ability and explained 85.7% of the spatial orientation factor; Whereas the Touching Blocks, the 2D panes and the 3D cubes attended to spatial visualization ability. The Touching Blocks could explain 80.7% of the spatial visualization factor, the 2D panes 84.6% and the 3D cubes 81.5%; The Mental Rotation 3D explain both the spatial orientation and spatial visulization abilities, and its loading on them was 44.7% and 60.7% respectively. CONCLUTION: There are currently some misuses about spatial ability tests;It is necessary to develop psychometric tests which independently measure two factors of spatial abilities, and to provide scientific theoretical foundation for selecting and training pilots.更多还原