【摘要】 森林群落演替机制的研究对于加速黄土高原地区的生态环境建设,特别是人工植被建设具有重要的理论意义.采用时空互代的方法研究了黄土高原子午岭林区不同演替阶段3种演替森林群落山杨 Populusdavidiana 林、油松 Pinustabulaeformis 林与辽东栎 Quercusliaotungensis 林的群落结构特征,结果表明, 1 子午岭林区群落自然进展演替过程中,群落物种丰富度、植物多样性以及个体密度均呈降低趋势.该区森林群落以地面芽植物占绝对优势,而高位芽植物比例较低.各演替阶段群落的空间成层现象明显,并发育有一定数量的层间植物.群落各层主要优势种的水平分布均表现为均匀连续分布状态,而多数非优势种则为零星分布特征. 3 茶条槭在该地区具有较宽的生态位,建议作为人工造林树种考虑.更多还原

【Abstract】 The study of natural successive mechanism of forest community on the Loess Plateau is theoretically important to accelerating the ecological construction, particularly the artificial vegetation construction in this area. In this paper, the structural characteristics of three successive forest communities Populus davidiana forest,Pinus tabulaeformis forest and Quercus liaotungensis forest in the title area were studied by a spatial series representing temporal series. The results showed that species abundance (SA), plant diversity (PD) and individual density (ID) all tended to decrease during the successive process from pioneer forest community to climax forest community. SA?PD and ID in different successive stages varied in the same order indifferent layers: herbaceous layer >shrub layer>arbor layer. Hemicryptphytes were absolutely dominant in forest communities in this area and their proportion were 65%~77%. However, the proportion of phanerophytes was low (<10%). This suggested that such species component is the characteristics of forest community in northern extending zone of deciduous broadleaf forest. The spatial stratification of the forest communities was apparent and also there developed a certain number of interlayer species. Horizontal distribution of the major dominant species in various layers in different successive periods was symmetrical and continuous while the multitudinous nondominant species sporadically distributed. Acer ginnala is a well shadeendurable widespread species and mesophyte with relatively wide niche. This suggested that A. ginnala is suitable to be a candidate species for artificial reforestation in this area.更多还原