【摘要】 磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)是研究地下水微生物生态的一种新兴技术,它比基于培养基的传统方法有许多明显的优势,但同时也存在一些需要解决的问题。样品中的PLFA总量可以通过转换因子估算地下水微生物的生物量,但微生物群落组成的差异和环境的物理变化都是潜在的误差来源,以传统微生物技术互补和选择合适的转换因子可提高结果的可靠性;PLFA还可以被用来指示地下水微生物在各种环境压力下的生理状态;用特定的PLFA生物标志物、PLFA的组成模式、指纹技术来描述地下水微生物的群落结构和变化特征时,存在的主要问题是不同微生物PLFA的重叠、背景值的干扰和环境因子变化的影响,以PLFA技术为主导,借助于数学统计方法,结合传统微生物技术、核酸鉴定、同位素示踪等多种技术可望有效地消除各种干扰因子,从而揭示完整的地下水微生物的生理生态,为地下水污染的生物修复提供理论指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a young technology used in groundwater microbial ecology, PLFA technology overcomes several shortcomings of traditional culture-based approaches and has a number of advantages. However, there are still a few of problems to be solved when PLFA technology is applied. Although the groundwater microbial biomass can be estimated from total PLFA by a conversion factor, both the difference of communities and physical changes of environment are potential erroneous sources, which can be reduced by combination of PLFA and traditional technology and employing a proper conversion factor. In some cases, certain PLFA ratio can also indicate the physiological status of microbes under some environmental stresses. In describing groundwater communities and their changes by certain PLFA biomarkers, PLFA pattern and PLFA fingerprint technology, PLFA overlap among different species, background lipids and changes of environmental factors are the main factors influencing the reliability of results. However, with the aid of mathematical statistics and other technologies including nucleic-acid technology and tracer technology, PLFA technology is expected to picture the groundwater ecology and physiology clearly, which can provide theoretical guidance for bioremediation of contaminated groundwater.更多还原