【摘要】 以遥感与GIS为技术支撑,分析华北地区十年的土地利用动态特征。华北地区耕地增加,以旱地为主,主要分布于河北、河南;林草地减少,尤其是草地的减少集中于内蒙古,表现为耕地大量占用草地;城镇增加迅速,主要表现在城镇用地占用耕地,以农村居民点发展快;华北土地利用转换以耕地变城镇、农村居民点与工矿用地为主。按土地利用变化分区,华北处于两个区:黄淮海耕地-城镇转换区,主要表现在河北旱地变为农村居民点,河南、北京、天津旱地变城镇。华北、黄土高原农牧交错带草地-耕地转换区,集中在内蒙古草地变耕地。从两个时间段看,华北土地利用20世纪80年代末到90年代中期耕地增加速度明显大于华北土地利用90年代中期到90年代末。华北土地利用90年代中期到90年代末城乡、居民工矿用地面积的增加幅度比华北土地利用80年代末到90年代中快。更多还原

【Abstract】 Human interventions in natural systems have resulted in large changes in vegetation composition and distribution pattern The Land Use Change and Cover (LUCC) study under the International Geosphere Biosphere Program(IGBP) is a major initiative in this regard Land use change plays an important role in global change This paper dynamically monitors status of land use change in Huabei region from 1980s to 2000 based on RS & GIS The data are extracted from LANDSAT TM image From these data, the type of land use is decided on basis of the interactive MGE environment To diminish the geometry error of the image, we adopt the processing method of Least-Square As for pixel sampling method, we adopt the method of Nearest Neighbour Interpolation or Bilinear Interpolation After the image processing, the maximum geometry errors are 2-3 pixels The task of image classification is mainly taken on by experts with the help of relief map, navigation photo etc.;thus landuse coverage could be acquired Huabei region is central of policy, agriculture in china This paper analyzes land use dynamics during latest 10 years in Huabei region based on RS and GIS The results show: there is a lot of farmlands in huabei region, covering 2735%; Grassland major distributes in Inner Mongolia; the farmland is increasing, especially in dry land; forest and grassland is decreasing;and urban increases rapidly The shifting of farmland to urban is main land change in this region, accounting for 4363% farmland change,especially in Beijing The grassland shifting farmland is another land use change in Huabei region, which main happens in Inner Mongolia According to land use dynamic zone, Huabei locates in two zones: one is Huanghuaihai farmland shifting urban, which shows that dry land is changing into county The other is ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry, which focuses in Inner MongoliaFrom the time view, the rate of farmland increasing during 80s to 90s was faster than during 90s to end 90s’ The area of buildup increasing during mid-90 to end 90 is more than during end 80 to mid-90更多还原