【摘要】 科学社会主义150多年的历史发展过程,经历了三次重大理论创新:第一次重大理论创新是科学社会主义理论的创立,马克思恩格斯揭示了社会发展的"两个必然性",找到了实现社会主义的阶级动力和现实途径,描绘了未来科学社会主义的初步蓝图。第二次重大理论创新是列宁主义和毛泽东思想的形成,开创了马克思主义俄国化与中国化的历程,找到了适合俄国和中国国情的革命道路,使科学社会主义由理论变为实践。第三次重大理论创新是邓小平理论和"三个代表"重要思想的确立,第一次比较系统地回答了在经济文化比较落后的国家如何建设和发展社会主义,以及建设一个什么样的党和怎样建设的问题。这三次重大理论创新既一脉相承,又与时俱进,体现了科学社会主义的连续性和间断性,丰富和发展了科学社会主义理论。更多还原

【Abstract】 During its historical development for over 150 years, scientific socialism has undergone three major theoretical innovations. The first innovation was the establishment of the theory itself, in which Marx and Engles expounded the "two necessities" of social development. With the discovery of the motive power of social classes as well as the realistic way to socialism, they were able to depict the initial blueprint for future scientific socialism. The second innovation was the birth of Leninism and Mao Zedong thought, which helped apply the scientific socialist theory to practice in Russia and China. This was a vital historical point in the introduction of Marxism so that the two countries were able to find the right revolutionary path suitable in their specific national political environment. The third renovation was the establishment of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the thought of Three Represents. At this stage for the first time in history a comparatively systematic answer has been offered as regards the questions of how to build and develop socialism in countries with less advanced economy and culture, what kind of party must be built and how. These three innovations, with special characteristics of their respective contemporary age, have greatly enriched and developed the scientific socialist theory. In fact they can be traced with the same original thought with continuity and intermittence in the formation and development of the theory.更多还原