【摘要】 目的　了解肿瘤放化疗患者呼吸道感染菌群分布及耐药趋势。方法　分析 1999～ 2 0 0 1年住院肿瘤患者放疗或化疗后送检的痰和咽拭子标本中病原菌种类和药敏情况。结果　病原菌中革兰阴性杆菌占 38.8% ,革兰阳性球菌 2 3.1% ,真菌34.4 %。感染菌依次为白色念珠菌 2 8.4 % ,肺炎克雷伯菌 13.3% ,大肠埃希菌 11.6 % ,金黄色葡萄球菌 10 .3%和铜绿假单胞菌7.6 %。革兰阴性杆菌对青霉素类和头孢菌素类不同程度耐药 ,革兰阳性球菌对青霉素类、红霉素和环丙沙星的耐药率较高。结论　肿瘤放化疗患者呼吸道感染病原菌主要为革兰阴性杆菌、真菌和葡萄球菌。革兰阴性杆菌和革兰阳性球菌的耐药率增加 ,对肿瘤放化疗患者应合理应用抗菌药物更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the bacteriological spectrum of infection and its characteristics of antibiotic resistance in cancer patients with respiratory infections after chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Methods The strains from sputum and pharynx samples of cancer patients admitted and their resistance to antibiotics were analyzed from 1999 to 2001. Results The pathogenic bacteria strains contained mainly Candida albicans (28.4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (13.3%), Escherichia coli (11.6%), Staphylococcus aureus (10.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.6%). The isolated strains showed quite high resistance rates to various antibiotics. Conclusions The pathogenic bacteria causing respiratory infections in cancer patients consisted mainly of gram negative bacteria, fungus and staphylococcus species and showed increasing antibiotic resistance. The attention should be paid to rational use of antibiotics in cancer patients following chemotherapy or radiotherapy.更多还原