【摘要】 通过对钱塘江干流杭州段2000-2001年进行水质监测,并结合历年监测资料,分析了钱塘江水体氮污染特征和氨氰、亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮浓度在不同江段、不同水期、不同年际的时空变化规律。研究表明:(1)钱塘江干流杭州段自上游至下游,氨氰在枯水期的浓度明显高于平、丰水期,几乎所有断面枯水期的氨氮浓度均超过地表水Ⅱ类标准。钱塘江下游河段,氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氰在枯水期的浓度明显高于平、丰水期。(2)钱塘江流域工业含氰废水的排放引起局部水体氨氯污染,但流域内生活污水和畜禽粪便的污染是造成整个杭州段氨氰污染的主要原因。(3)钱塘江干流杭州段NO-3-N浓度在1991-2001年呈现逐年上升的趋势。钱塘江流域农田化肥过量施用是造成水体NO-3-N浓度逐年上升的主要原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 The nitrogen pollution was monitored in the Hangzhou section of Qiantang River during the 2000 2001.Based on the results and in combination with the previous data, the characteristics and variations of NH3--N,NC2--N and NO3--N concentrations were analyzed in different years,seasons and the sections of the Qiantang River. The results showed that: (1) From upper reaches to lower reaches in the mainstream of the Qiantang River, the concentrations of NH3-N was higher in low flow season than normai flow season and high flow season, and the concentrations of NH3 -N in low flow seasons were over the Ⅲ grade of surface -water Standard (GHZB1-1999). In the lower reaches of the mainstream, the concentrations of NH3-N,NO2--N and NO3--N were higher in low flow season than normai flow seasons and high flow seasons; (2) In some sections of the Qiantang River, the nitrogen pollution were originated from the industrial waste-water containing source, but the main sources of the nitrogen was from the sewage and livestock feces; (3) During the 1991-2001, the concentration of NO3--N increased in the mainstream of the Qiantang River. The main reason of NO3--N increasing was due to the over-application of nitrogenous fertilizer in the basin of the Qiantang River.更多还原