【摘要】 陕西佛坪国家级自然保护区位于秦岭南坡的中段 ,1998～ 1999年冬季通过分层抽样的方法 ,测定了保护区内羚牛秦岭亚种 (Budorcastaxicolorbedfordi) 10种栖息地类型的单位面积食物资源量和含有的能量 ,估计了越冬区可以利用的总能量。结果表明 ,羚牛越冬区提供的可供羚牛和其它草食动物利用的能量为 (9 877±5 173)× 10 12 J,每只羚牛平均每天需要的能量为 2 6 4 8± 11 88kJ ,整个冬季需要的能量为 4 82 0± 2 16 3× 10 6J ,保护区的羚牛容纳量为 2 0 4 9± 10 37只。考虑到羚牛对空间的需求、保持最佳繁殖状态、其它草食动物种群的需求和保护当地植被等因素 ,建议保护区将羚牛种群的数量控制在 10 0 0只左右.更多还原

【Abstract】 The golden takin(Budorcas taxicolor bedfordi) is found only in the Qinling Mountain range. Foping National Nature Reserve is located on the south slope of the middle range of the Qinling Mountain.The carrying capacity of Foping National Nature Reserve for golden takin(Budorcas taxicolor bedfordi) was estimated during the winter of 1998-1999 based on the total energy contained in available food resources produced in the winter habitat and the energy requirements of captive animals in the Xi’an Zoo. We estimated the available food resources produced by the winter habitat, located from 1 800 to 2 400 m above sea level, by sampling food availability in 442 4 m × 4 m quadrats. All browse below 2 5 m found in the quadrats was counted and 100 browse samples were taken for each species of tree, shrub and grass were harvested at ground level. All the samples were dried and their energy content analyzed. Ten types of habitat were identified from vegetation map and the size of each habitat type measured using GIS. The quadrats were distributed in each habitat type in proportion to their area. The energy requirement of each takin per day during winter was determined from the food consumption of captive animals in Xi’an Zoo. This data was used to estimate the basic energy requirements of takins during the entire winter season at the study area. Total calories contained in the available browse and grasses was estimated of(9 877 ±5 173) ×10 12 Joule and each takin would require(4 82 ±2 162)×106 Joule in average during entire winter season. The carrying capacity of Foping National Nature Reserve for takins was estimated at about 2 049± 1 037. This may be an over-estimate since it was based on the following assumptions: 1) All available food can be accessed by takins; 2)the mobility of takins is not limited by snow; 3) all protein, fat and fiber contained in the food can be converted to energy. Consideration of the space requirement of takins and the food consumption of other herbivorous species, we suggest that it would be preferable to keep the population size of golden takins at Foping at 1 000 animals.更多还原