【摘要】 水资源足迹是如实反映人类对水资源消费利用的新概念,能深刻揭示社会经济系统对水资源的消费,为干旱缺水地区水资源科学管理提供了一个新视角.提出了水资源足迹的概念和衡量方法,引进了虚拟水概念,简要介绍了产品虚拟水计算方法,并以新疆、青海、甘肃和陕西为例,计算分析了2000年各省水资源足迹.结果表明,2000年西北四省(区)总的水足迹是为613.3×108m3,人均水足迹为712.3m3·人-1·a-1和1952L·人-1·d-1,高于统计的水资源利用量.以虚拟水概念为基础的水资源足迹更真实地衡量了社会经济系统对水资源的消费利用状况,为解决区域水资源短缺和创新水资源管理体制提供了新思路,产品形式的虚拟水贸易是平衡水资源赤字、维持区域水安全的有效工具.更多还原

【Abstract】 Water footprint is a new concept reflecting people’s real consumption and usage of water resources. It profoundly posts the real water consumption of social-economic system and offers a new viewpoint for water resource management. In this paper, the concept of water footprint is put forward, together with its calculation methodologies. As a case, the water footprint of Northwest China including Xinjiang Region, Qinghai, Gansu and Shanxi provinces in 2000 is quantified and analyzed, mainly based on the concept of virtual water and its quantification methods. The result shows that citizens in these provinces (region) in 2000 have consumed 613.3×10~8m~3 water resource in total, which means 713.3 m~3/year per capita and 1952L /day per capital, exceeding the statistical volume of usage. The water footprint based on the virtual water not only reflects the actual water occupations of human beings, but also has great importance for water management in arid regions in Northwest China, and gives the water management decision-maker a bran-new thought of solving the water scarcity and innovation of water management mechanisms to balance the water deficit and achieve regional water and food security, by improving the water usage efficiency to changing living mode, and by applying virtual water import strategy instead of water supply-side management.更多还原