【摘要】 通过田间试验和野外调查对陕西三个主要农业生态区的施氮情况及其对土壤和地下水污染的影响进行了研究。结果表明，有些高产地区由于过量施氮已在0～4米深的土层中积累了大量NO3-N，并使地下水和地表水受到不同程度的污染;在当季作物生长期间，土壤中NO3-N淋失深度和淋失量与施氮量、施氮技术、地面接水量和土壤质地有密切关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper the effect of nitrogen fertilizer use on the soil and ground water pollution was studied through the field servey and field experiments in three agro-ecological regions in Shaanxi Province. The tesuits showed that a large amount of NO3-N has been accumulated in 0~4m soil profile and moved down to the ground water and surface water, which were polluted to different extent in some places due to more nitrogen frtilizer was applied. The amount and depth of NO3-N leakage during one crop season related to the application rates of N- fertilizer. techniques of fertilization, amount of received water and soil texture. Adopting the optimum rate of N fertilizer, balanced fertilization, optimum rate of irrigation water are important practices for minimizing NO3 -N leakage, imporving N use efficieney and preventing the environment from pollution.更多还原