【摘要】 生态地理区划是生物多样性研究的空间分异基础。以国际上的生态地理区划原则为依据，采用多元分析与地理信息系统等手段，利用各种生态地理因子，包括气候指标如与植物耐寒性有关的绝对最低温度、最冷月平均气温、最冷月日平均温度的最大值和最小值；与需热性有关的植物生长季积温；年降水量的季节分配，包括最冷月降水、最热月降水、年降水量、年降水的统计标准差和变异系数（年变率；植被指标如植被类型、植被区划类型、植被的净第一性生产力、植物区系类型、动物区系类型、植物特有属的丰富度以及度量植物多样性的植物种丰富度（属数、种数）；土壤指标如土壤类型，土壤理化性质如土壤酸碱度、土壤表层阳离子交换量等；地形和地貌特征如经度、纬度和海拔高度。利用模糊聚类的手段，综合进行了中国生物多样性的生态地理区划。采用四级区划，即：生物大区→生物亚区→生物群区→生物区。全国划分为５个生物大区，７个生物亚区和１８个生物群区：Ⅰ北方森林大区：ⅠＡ欧亚北方森林亚区：ⅠＡ１南泰加山地寒温针叶林，ⅠＡ２北亚针阔叶混交林。Ⅱ北方草原荒漠大区：ⅡＢ欧亚草原亚区：ⅡＢ１内亚温带禾草草原，ⅡＢ２黄土高原森林草原（灌木草原）；ⅡＣ亚非荒漠亚区：ⅡＣ１中亚温带荒漠，ⅡＣ２蒙古／?更多还原

【Abstract】 Ecogeographical regionalization is the basis for spatial differentiation of biodiversity research.In view of the principle of international ecogeographical regionalization, this study has applied multivariate analysis and GIS method and based on some ecogeographical attributes limited to the distribution of plant and vegetation, including climatic factors, such as minimum temperature, mean temperature of the coldest month, mean temperature of the warmest month, annual average temperature, precipitation of the coldest month, precipitation of the warmest month, annual precipitation, CV of annual precipitation, biological factors such as vegetation types, vegetation division types, NPP, florisitic types, fauna types, abundance of plant species, genus and endemic genus;soil factors such as soil types, soil pH;topographical factors as longitude, latitude and altitude etc. The ecogeographical regionalization for biodiversity in China was made synthetically by using fuzzy cluster method.Four classes of division were used, viz., biodomain, subbiodomain, biome and bioregion. Five biodomains, seven subbiodomains and eighteen biomes were divided in China as follows:Ⅰ Boreal forest biodomain.ⅠA Eurasian boreal forest subbiodomain.ⅠA1 Southern Taiga mountain cold temperate coniferous forest biome;ⅠA2 North Asian mixed coniferous broad leaved forest biome.ⅡNorthern steppe and desert biodomain.ⅡB Eurasian steppe subbiodomain.ⅡB1 Inner Asian temperate grass steppe biome;ⅡB2 Loess Plateau warm temperate forest/shrub steppe biome.ⅡC Asia Africa desert subbiodomain.ⅡC1 Mid Asian temperate desert biome;ⅡC2 Mongolian/Inner Asian temperate desert biome.ⅢEast Asian biodomain.ⅢD East Asian deciduous broad leaved forest subbiodomain.ⅢD1 East Asian deciduous broad leaved forest biome.ⅢE East Asian evergreen broad leaved forest subbiodomain.ⅢE1 East Asian mixed deciduous evergreen broad leaved forest biome;ⅢE2 East Asian evergreen broad leaved forest biome;ⅢE3 East Asian monsoon evergreen broad leaved forest biome;ⅢE4 Western East Asian mountain evergreen broad leaved forest biome.ⅣPalaeotropical subdomain.ⅣF India Malaysian tropical forest subbiodomain.ⅣF1 Northern tropical rain forest/seasonal rain forest biome;ⅣF2 Tropical island coral reef vegetation biome.V Asian plateau biodomain.ⅤG Tibet Plateau subbiodomain.ⅤG1 Tibet alpine high cold shrub meadow biome;ⅤG2 Tibet alpine high cold steppe biome;ⅤG3 Tibet alpine high cold desert biome;ⅤG4 Tibet alpine temperate steppe biome;ⅤG5 Tibet alpine temperate desert biome.更多还原