【摘要】 应用微区试验研究了在种植小麦的情况下,不同施肥水平对杂草及其防除效果的影响。结果表明,在缺磷土壤上单施氮肥,杂草发生和生长受到抑制;增施磷肥,氮肥效应得到充分发挥,杂草发生和生长迅猛提高。杂草根系发达,对钾肥不敏感。有机肥养分完全,显著促进杂草发生和生长。在不施肥(对照)及适合杂草和小麦生长的平衡施肥处理区(NP和NPK),麦田杂草的危害(小麦减产百分率)最为严重。杂草危害程度和施除草剂的增产效果均与小麦长势呈极显著负相关(相关系数分别是-0.5121、-0.5418,n=27)。肥料对甲磺隆钠盐杂草防效的影响与施药时间有关。在小麦苗前至苗后早期施药,防效高,且不受施肥影响;施药过迟,杂草长大,防效下降。研究结果还表明,杂草发生和生长在受施肥影响的同时,也受小麦长势和长相的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Through microplot experiments we studied the effect of different fertilizer application on the occurrence and control of weed in wheat field. The results showed that in soil lack of phosphorus, only applying nitrogen, both occurrence and growth of weed were inhibited. With developed roots, weed was not sensitive to potash fertilizer. Organic fertilizer was advantageous to the occurrence and growth of weed. In the CK (no fertilizer application) and the treatments with balance fertilizer application (NP and NPK) which fitted for the growth of both wheat and weed, the weed damage was the most serious. Both the damage degree of weed and the wheat yield increase by herbicide were negatively correlated to the growth vigor of wheat (correlation coefficient was - 0. 5121* * and -0. 5418* * (n = 27), respectively). Effect of fertilizer on weed control efficiency of methsulfuron-methyl sodium was correlated to the time of herbicide application. Applying herbicide before wheat emergence and early stage of post emergence, the efficiency increased and was not so affected by fertilizer application; however, applying herbicide lately, the efficiency decreased. The occurrence and growth of weed were affected not only by fertilizer application, at the same time, but also by the wheat growth vigor significantly.更多还原