【摘要】 为探讨腰椎间盘退变及突出的原因，本实验采用氢氧化钾—胶原酶消化方法处理胎儿和成人正常与病理腰椎间盘及部分终板软骨、软骨下骨，对其内弹性蛋白进行扫描电镜和透射电镜观察，从形态学上对弹性蛋白结构、弹性蛋白纤维在椎间盘内的排列分布变化与椎间盘功能、椎间盘退变突出的关系进行了研究和探讨。结果显示：（１）直径为０．１～０．２μｍ原纤维是弹性蛋白基本结构单位。（２）弹性蛋白纤维参与了腰椎间盘的框架构成，在椎间盘各部位都有分布，但分布极不均匀。腰椎间盘浅层部分弹性蛋白纤维穿过终板固定于椎体松质骨骨小梁上，是椎间盘和相邻椎体的连接成分之一。（３）胎儿弹性蛋白是未成熟蛋白；随着年龄增长，正常椎间盘弹性蛋白纤维由成熟、密集逐渐变稀疏、变硬。（４）病理椎间盘弹性蛋白纤维密度降低，尤以纤维环深层降低明显；纤维形态上出现磨损、裂隙、不规则空洞、断裂等。实验提示，弹性蛋白是椎间盘重要的组成成分，与胶原及终板构成密闭的弹性容器，完成椎间盘对外力的缓冲作用。弹性蛋白纤维密度的降低、分布的改变以及形态学的破坏性改变，是椎间盘退变的基础，可能是其突出的重要原因之一。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to further understand the pathogenesis of the degeneration of the herniated lumbar intervertebral discs, the authors made observations on the elastin of the fetal and adult lumbar intervertebral discs, the normals as well as the prolapsed ones, with the scanning electronmicroscope and the transmission electron microscope The end-plate and the subchondral bone were also included in the observation. The procured tissue was digested by the method of KOH-collagenase. The changes of elastin distribution in relationship with the function of the discs and the degenerative herniation of the discs were studied. The results revealed that: (1) The basic structural unit of the elastin was fibril with a diameter of 0.1～0.2μm. (2) The distribution of elastin was of a uniform patytern within the lumbar discs. The elastin fibers in the superficial laminae of the annulus fibrosus passed through the end-plate and fixed on the vertebra, connecting the adjacent vertebrae together. (3) In the fetal vertebra, the elastin consisted of unmature protein which in the process of aging of the individual, became stiff and less in number. (4) The density of the elastin fibrils in the pathological discs was significantly lower than that in the normal ones. In the deep laminae of the annulus fibrosus the amount of elastin was also reduced. In the pathological discs, fraying, irregular holes and fissures were seen in the elastin fibrils. This study showed that elastin was one of the important structural components in lumbar discs and played an important role for the absorption function to alleviate consussion sustained by the discs with collagen. The decrease of density, the distributive and the morphological changes were the basis of disc degeneration and these might possibly be the important reasons of disc herniation.更多还原