【摘要】 应用景观生态学中格局分析的一些方法对４种典型沙漠化土地景观进行了分析，研究结果表明：景观和景观中斑块的格局通过影响边界长度和组合状况，进而影响沙漠化过程中的各种生物学和生态学过程。其中，分维数的变化可以反映景观和斑块格局的变化，分维数越大格局越复杂，两者关系呈正相关；修改分维数可以反映景观格局的多样性和景观中斑块之间的相邻性，两者关系也呈正相关；沙漠化土地景观格局的数量化分析和描述，为研究沙漠化过程和景观格局的相互关系奠定了基础。同时还指出了景观格局在沙漠化危害程度判定中有重要作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of landscape pattern, landscape diversity, and patches have been studied in this paper. The indices of landscape pattern, fractal dimension and modified fractal dimension, have been used to describe and analyze the distribution of the desertification land and the landscape of sandy land. The more value of fractal dimension and modified fcactal dimension is, the more complex pattern of landscape is. They are good indicators for us to study the relationship between landscape pattern and desertification process. Different patch patterns have different perimeters and effects in desertification processes when its area is constant, because patches perimeter dramatically influence the migration and flow of seed, energy, and nutrient materials. Suppose there are equal shifting sand dune areas in two places that areas are same too, the distribution of shifting sand dune randomly scatter in first region and its distribution in second place concentrate than first one since the large area of shifting sand dune severely destroy pasture, cropland, and woodland around it. In other hand, species more easily colonize shifting sand dune in first place than second because there are larger perimeter and provide many chance for seeds to migrate and colonize. In addition, landscape diversity have important effects too in desertification process. The more complex landscape composition is, the more high landscape diversity is. Meantime, the relationship between landscape pattern and desertification process can be studied by means of quantitative description of sandy land patches and landscapes. However, landscape patterns, landscape diversity, and patches closely correlate with desertification process, it is a keystone for us to evaluate the desertified degrees in the assessment of desertification.更多还原