【摘要】 以中国和亚洲其他国家的水稻地方品种和改良品种为材料，研究了机动细胞硅酸体的形态性状在籼、粳亚种间的差异。通过主成分分析和判别分析，探讨并建立了以硅酸体形态性状为指标的籼粳判别式，其判别效率可达90％左右，明显优于粒型判别法，与佐滕等提出的基于酚反应、氯酸钾抗性和稃毛长的判别结果基本一致。由于植物蛋白石具有残留量多和抗风化等优点，作者认为在籼、粳稻起源和分化的研究中，根据植物蛋白石的形态进行籼粳判别的方法比基于炭化米的粒型判别法更加有效。更多还原

【Abstract】 The differences between the shapes of silica bodies in indica and japonica rice were investigated forthe native and improved varieties from China and other countries of Asia. A discriminant function based on the fourmorphological characters of silica bodies (vertical length, VL; horizontal length, HL; lateral length, LL and shapecoefficient b/a) was developed on the basis of principal analysis and discrimination analysis. i. e. Z=0. 4947 VL0. 2994 HL+ 0. 1357LL - 3. 8154b/a - 8. 9567, Z<0, variety belongs to indica; Z>0, variety belongs to japonica.The probability of correct discrimination based on the shape of the silica bodies was about 90%, a value higher thanthat based on the grain shape(74 % ). The discrimination results based on the shape of the silica bodies were almostthe same as those obtained by Sato’s discriminant function based on phenol reaction of the hull (PR), potassiumchlorate (KCIO3 ) resistance of seedlings (KC) and apiculus hair length (AH) (Z= PR+ 1. 313KC - 0. 82AH 1. 251 ). It is considered that for studies of the origin and dissemination of rice due to the largely remaining propertyand stability of plant opal, discrimination of indica and japonica rice based on the shape of plant opal is more suitable than that based on the shape of carbonized rice.更多还原