节点文献
我国1997年急性弛缓性麻痹病例流行病学分析
Epidemiological Analysis of AFP Cases in 1997 in China
【摘要】 1997年,全国急性弛缓性麻痹(AFP)病例监测系统共报告AFP病例4771例。按病毒学分类标准,260例为临床符合病例,4551例为非脊灰AFP病例。未发现本土及输入的脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)野病毒病例,这是我国自1994年10月以来连续3年未发现本土脊灰野病毒病例。4771例AFP病例分布在1949个县(区、市、旗,下同),占全国总县数的68.6%。1997年AFP病例已无明显发病高锋,病例年龄仍以5岁以下为主,占67.9%。AFP病例零剂次免疫占6.6%,1~2剂次占9.6%,≥3剂次占81.9%。AFP病例麻痹后0~14天合格粪便标本采集率达到82%,分离出脊灰病毒Ⅰ型36株,Ⅱ型97株、Ⅲ型41株、混合48株,脊灰病毒与肠道病毒混合25株;肠道病毒775株,肠道病毒分离率16.3%。全国以省为单位AFP病例监测系统各项指标均接近或达到世界卫生组织(WHO)和卫生部的要求。但全国仍有300个县(约占10%)0~14岁人口3年积累>10万未报告AFP病例。虽然经过3次全国强化免疫日(NISs)活动及两次亚全国强化免疫日(SNIDs)活动,AFP病例中仍存在着免疫空白。今后应进一步消除监测盲区及免疫空白区,特?
【Abstract】 In l997, a total of 4,771 AFP cases were reported by the AFP surveillance sys- tem in China, of which 260 were clinically compatible polio cues and 4, 551 were non - polio AFP cases according to the virologic classification standard. Neither the indigenous nor the imported wild type poliovirus was found, that was almost three successive years for not having indigenous wild type poliovirus been detected since the October of 1994 in our country. The 4, 771 AFP cases distributed in 1949 counties (Prefecture, City, Banner, the same below)that acoounted for 68.6% of the total counties of the whole country. The age of the AFP caes was dominantly under 5 years old accounting for 67.9% of the total AFP cases No obvious sea- sonalpeakofdiseaseoasetwasfound.OfalltheAFPcases,thezero-dosevaccinationwas 6.6%, the l-2 doses was9.6% and the≥3 doses was 8l.9%. The adequate two stool specimen collecting rate of AFP cases within 0 - 14 days after onset of paralysis was 82%. The vi- ruses isolated were 36 polio I strains , 97 polio Ⅱstrains , 4 1 polio Ⅲstrains , 48 mixed - poliovirus strains , 25 polio - enterovirus mixed strains and 775 non - polio enterovirus strains , the isolation rate of enterovirus was 1 6. 3%. Every indexes carriedout by AFP surveillance systems in the provinces reached or almost reached the requirements laid down by the WHO. However, there were 300 counties (about 10% of the total counties of the whole country)that had not reported the AFP cases under 1 5 years old for 3 accumulated years the number of these unreported cases was more than one hundred thousand. Also, there still existed vaccination gaps among the AFP cases, though 3 NIDs and additional 2 SNIDs had been car- ried out. According to these situations, from now on, we should make effort to diminish the blind area of AFP surveillance and the vaccination gap, to pay more attention to the immunization of floating population and to raise the surveillance level in recognizing the im- ported wild - type poliovirus .
【Key words】 Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP); Epidemiological feature; Analysis;
- 【文献出处】 中国计划免疫 ,CHINESE JOURNAL OF VACCINES AND IMMUNIZATION , 编辑部邮箱 ,1998年06期
- 【分类号】R512.4
- 【被引频次】6
- 【下载频次】22