【摘要】 抱茎獐牙菜（ＳｗｅｒｔｉａｆｒａｎｃｈｉｔｉａｎａＭａｘｉｍ．）花药４室，药壁发育为双子叶型；绒毡层异型起源，为非典型腺质型绒毡层；中层２层；花药壁表皮宿存，与药室内壁一起纤维状加厚．胞质分裂为同时型，四分体的排列方式为四面体型；成熟花粉为２细胞．子房２心皮，１室，８列胚珠，为侧膜胎座．薄珠心，单珠被，倒生胚珠．胚囊发育为蓼型．珠孔受精，受精作用属于有丝分裂前配子体融合类型．胚乳发育为核型．胚胎发育为茄型酸浆Ⅰ变型．反足细胞分裂为５～８个，宿存，每个细胞均多核和异常膨大，反足细胞形成的吸器明显，并在胚乳层之外形成染色深的类似“外胚乳”的结构．果实成熟时，种子只发育至球型胚早期阶段．反足细胞在龙胆科一些高山短命植物中的宿存与分裂具有重要的生殖适应与进化意义，这对于龙胆科一年生植物在青藏高原严酷的环境下，甚至在只有几周的生长季节内完成其生活史是十分重要的更多还原

【Abstract】 The present firstly reports the development of microsporangium,male gametophyte,megasporogenesis,female gametophyte and embryogeny in Swertia franchitiana, a famous Tibetan medicine.The anther is tetraporangiate and its wall development conforms to the Dicotyledonous type and comprises of epidermis,endothelium,two layers of middle cells and tapetum at the mature stage.Two middle layers are ephemeral;endothelium reduces and epidermis persists and develops fibrous thickening.The tapetum has dual origin and is more similar to gladular type.Cytokinesis is of the simultaneous type and microspore tetrads ate mainly tetrahedral.Pollen grains are mainly 3 celled when shed.The ovary is bicarpellate,unilocular with eight series of ovules located at the parietal placentation.The ovule is unitegmic,tenuinucellate and anatropous.The develpoment of embryo sac is of the Polygonum type.Fertilization is porogamous and of premitotic syngamy type.The development of endosperm conforms to Nuclear type and the embryogeny corresponds to the Physalis I variation of Solanum type.Three antipodal cells divide into 5～8 cells with enlarged and multiseriate nuclei and distinct haustorium,and persist like a layer of“out endosperm”just out of the endosperm nucleus layer.The embryo is at the early globular stage when seeds released from the capsule.The dividing and persisting of the antipodal cells in alpine annual Gentianaceae plants are of significance in reproductive adaptation and evolution,which is important for those ephemeral species of Gentianaceae to complete their life cycle under the arid surrounding of Qinghai Xizang Plateau within a few weeks growing season.更多还原