【摘要】 拟南芥（Ａｒａｈｉｄｏｐｓｉｔｓｔｈａｌｉａｎａ）具有植株小、生育期短、繁殖系数高等生物学特性。对其遗传学研究始于１９０７年。８０年代以后的分子生物学研究表明，拟南芥突变体极为丰富，有很小的基因组和很少的重复序列。这些特点使其成为发育遗传学和分子遗传学研究的模式植物。目前已分离得到了许多拟南芥基因，且部分基因已进行了ＤＮＡ序列分析，并多已定位在染色体上。更多还原

【Abstract】 Arabidopsis thaliana belongs to Arabidopsis of crucifer. There are a lot of special characteres in it,for example,small body,short period of duration,high propagation coefficient.It has been called fruit fly in plants.In recent years, with the developing of the researches in molecular bilogy, more and more profound study is been doing in Arabidopsis thaliana . The results said that there are not only above showed characters in it but also abundance mutants,e.g, absencing one or more phytohormone and resistant mutants, colour mutants and unnormal photorespiration and so on.So far hundreds of mutants have been gained. A few gene sets and low frequent repeat sequence have been found in it too.This made it is easy to be modified,cloned and selected, then study the expressing and controlling, Adh,cab et al . genes was located in chromosome. Construct anothers crops genetic maps and mark the related genes by using the knowen genes,e.g,the low erucic acid.Those will bebefit transforming the high quality or special genes to another crops,solving the problem that couldn′t be solved by regular ways and accelerating the process of genetic improvement in crops breeding.更多还原