【摘要】 对试件形状对利用ＩＨＣＰ原理测算物体导热系数方法的影响进行研究．在不同形状试件的无因次瞬态温度分布特性、导热系数敏感度系数表达式及变化规律、物理和数学模型描述误差等方面进行了理论分析，为试件形状的选择提供了理论依据和指导原则．还利用实验对理论分析结果加以验证，并对实际测算中的关键环节进行探讨．结果表明，对导热性能迥然不同的二种材质（导热系数数量级为１０－１～１０Ｗ／（ｍ·Ｋ）的聚氨酯和不锈钢），利用球体试件测算ｋ值的精确度最高，其测算值最大误差εｍａｘ≤３．６０％；无限长圆柱次之，εｍａｘ＜４．２０％；无限大平板更次之，εｍａｘ＜５．４４％．更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of sample geometry on the determination of thermal conductivity of solids are studied by using IHCP principle in this paper.The characteristics of dimensionless instantaneous temperature for samples with different geometries,the expressions and variation pattern of dimensionless sensitivity coefficients and the error in the description of sample models are all analysed to provide theoretical basis and guidance for applications.In the experiments not only the theoretical research results are examined,but also the key links are investigated.The results show that the maximum deviation of k prediction value is less than 3.60% for spherical sample,4.20% for infinitely long cylinder sample,5.44% for infinite large plate sample.These samples are made of polyarethane and stainless steel with an order of magnitude of k value being 10 -1 ～10 W/(m·K)respectively.更多还原