【摘要】 从医学生物学角度列释了《本草纲目》中的土芋及其之后的薯蓣、零余子、甘薯共４个品种（名）；同时论及了与土芋紧相关联的几个品种，剖析了土芋的土卵、黄独及土豆３个释名，并且对各品种（名）形态、功用等方面进行了较具体、全面的评点、联系，得出了土芋释名为黄独和／或土豆欠妥、它们实是３个不同品种的看法，附带提出了土芋所属薯蓣科中的一个具体品种的可能性更多还原

【Abstract】 The present paper explains mainly from medical biology Tu Yu (Ground-nucule esculenta*) and its following four items Dioscorea opposita,Bulbule and Dioscorea esculenta, particularly several items close related to Tu Yu are particularized. Not only does this paper explicate the definitions of Tu Luan (Ground-egg esculenta**) of Tu Yu,Dioscorea bulbifera and Solanum tuberosum but also every variety’s forms and functions and thers are contrasted and compared in all aspects and full details. It is believed that the definition of Tu Yu for Dioscorea bulbifera and/or Solanum tuberosum is not quite correct and in fact they belong to three different varieties. Incidentally,it is also suggested that it is possible to Tu Yu is an unique variety which belongs Dioscoreaceae.(*,**: English name given by the author)更多还原