【摘要】 柴达木盆地东部三湖地区第四纪坳陷天然气资源丰富，第四系构造往往就是含气构造。但由于这些气田存在表层气，在地震剖面上表现为低速异常（呈向斜形态），三湖地区盐碱壳下的软泥层在地震剖面上也表现为低速异常，加之地表条件恶劣，因此地震勘探非常困难。对该地区已知气田构造遥感特征的分析表明，深部的变形波及地表，第四系构造在地表微地貌、水系和色调异常等方面都有反映，且地表无植被和人文活动干扰，有可能通过卫星遥感图像提取隐伏气田构造信息。经过研究探索，参考第一代的ＭＳＳ图像，主要根据最新时相７个波段ＴＭ资料，采用选择性主组分分析、特色尔变换、ＴＭ５４３和ＴＭ７４１等增强处理方法，解译出该地区１３个可靠的隐伏构造。其中，达布逊湖以南的达南１号和达南２号隐伏构造的遥感影像异常特征明显，达南２号构造上方的ＴＭ７灰度值分布特征与气态石油物质的波谱透射特征有很好的相关性，认为达南２号构造等５个隐伏构造为气田构造。更多还原

【Abstract】 There is plenty of natural gas resource in Quaternary depression in eastern part of the Qaidam basin, and the Quaternary structures are often the gas fields. Remote sensing study of known gas fields indicates these structures usually have relief feature, microrelief, anomalous drainage patterns and/or hue anomaly which are shown clearly on TM images. The known structures are of low plunge in shallow and get a little steeply at depth, which indicates that deep deformation has an effect on the shallows. The surface is covered by bog burst and thick sludge; the seismogeology condition is very poor. The seismic data of this area could be acquired only during the winter when the surface is frozen just suitable for trucks to tramp; and the structure can’t be shown clearly because of the low velocity caused by the gas in the structure. But the scanty of plants and no human activities of this area is suitable for applying remote sensing to interpret buried Quaternary structures. By trial we got several TM image processing methods which can reveal buried structures: Selective PCA, Tessel Transformation, TM543 and TM741 , etc..With the interpretation marks, three dozens of buried structures are identified, and two of them are reported in this paper. There is a good relationship between near infrared transmission of petroleum in gaseous state and curves of TM7 gray values on Danan2 structure which is predicted as a potential gas field.更多还原