【摘要】 旅游业对自然环境有正反两方面的影响．反面影响包括对水体环境、大气环境、动物与植物资源和土壤环境的影响．以及侵蚀沙丘和影响审美等方面．正面影响包括建立自然保护区和产生经济利益等．目前，对旅游业的环境影响研究往往是在自然环境遭到破坏以后才进行．没有事先预测措施来记载环境变化的过程．也没有一个综合性的模式来说明应如何研究旅游业对环境的影响．选择性旅游业值得探索．更多还原

【Abstract】 Tourism has negative and positive impacts on natural environment. Negative impacts include effects on water and air environmental resources .plant and animal resources .soil and dune erosion,and aesthetics. Positive impacts include preservation of natural areas worldwide due to tourism and its associatedeconomic benefits. At present. our research on the environmental impacts of tourism has been belated.looking at tourism after damage has taken place. with no preimpact measurements available to documentthe extent of environmental change. At the same time. no comprehensive conceptual model exists onwhich research can be based. Alternative tourism should be explored. one new alternative tourism trend isecotourism. The overall need is for a conceptual model that takes a broad view of tourism*s cumulativeenvironmental impacts considering the entire range and intensity of impact on a regional basis. Such amethod would increase our ability to understand and predict impacts prior to occurrence. mitigate environmental impacts. and ensure a sustainable tourism industry.更多还原