【摘要】 研究了N，N，N＇，N＇－四丁基己二酰胺（TBAA）从硝酸介质中萃取铀、钍及硝酸的机理，考察了HNO3浓度、TBAA浓度、温度及盐析剂（LiNO3）对铀和钍分配系数的影响，还对铀、钍的反萃进行了研究，得出了萃合物的组成为UO2（NO3）2·TBAA和Th（NO3）4·TBAA。在低酸度下，TBAA与硝酸主要以TBAA·HNO3的形式存在；在高酸度下，TBAA与硝酸的加合物不但有（TBAA）2·HNO3，而且还有TBAA·HNO3、TBAA·（HNO3）2的存在。对萃取反应的表现平衡常数及热力学函数也进行了计算。更多还原

【Abstract】 The extraction mechanisms of U(Ⅵ), Th(Ⅳ) and HNO3 in nitric acid solutions with N,N,N’,N’-tetrabutyladipicamide (TBAA) were studied. The effects of nitric acid concentration, TBAA concentration, temperature and salting-out agent (LiNO3) on distribution coefficients of U(Ⅵ) and Th(Ⅳ), and back extraction behaviours of U(Ⅵ)and Th(Ⅳ) from organic phase were observed. The compositions of complex are UO2(NO3)2·TBAA and Th(NO3)4· TBAA. At lower acidity, the main extraction species of HNO3 with TBAA is HNO3· TBAA; but at higher acidity, the species include HNO3· (TBAA)2, TBAA· HNO3 and TBAA· (HNO3)2. The superficial equilibrium constants and thermodynamical functions of the extraction reactions were also calculated.更多还原