【摘要】 二酰胺化合物（Ｒ１Ｒ２ＮＣＯ）２Ｒ３用于从乏燃料元件后处理高放废液（ＨＬＷ）中分离、回收锕系和镧系元素的工艺中有良好的前景［１～４］．以ＣＨ２ＯＣＨ２ｎ为桥撑链的二酰胺称为酰胺荚醚（Ａｍｉｄｏｐｏｄａｎｄ）．在大阴离子（如苦味酸根等）存在下对三价...更多还原

【Abstract】 The solvent extraction behavior of the diamides, (R 1R 2NCO) 2R 3 for Eu 3+ and Am 3+ has been examined. The extractive ability of the diamides for trivalent actinides and lanthanides ions is in the order of R 3=-CH 2OCH 2->CH 2OCH 2 2CH 2 n . Using diamides with R 3=CH 2OCH 2 n , called as amido podands, as extractants, the distribution ratioes of Eu(Ⅲ) and Am(Ⅲ), D Eu and D Am , increased with the concentrations of nitric acid in aqueous phases, and reached to maxium at 4-5 mol/L HNO 3. For amido podands with R 3= _CH 2OCH 2_, D Eu was obviously higher than D Am ; whereas amido podands with R 3= CH 2OCH 2 2 , D Eu ≈ D Am . Compared with the analogous diamide compouds with R 3= CHR 4 (R 4=alkyl or oxyalkyl radical), the amido podands showed the advantage in the several respects: much higher extractive ability and selectivity for lanthanides and actinides, and synthesis with great ease and high yield. With the extractive systems developed in this paper, the amido podands could be utilized in separation/recovery of trivalent actinides and lanthanides from the reprocessing wastes in nuclear industry or the hydrometallurgy of rare earth elements.更多还原