【摘要】 对黄豆皂甙提取工艺中粉碎度、脱脂、提取和分离提纯等工序进行了研究，结果显示以石油醚代替正己烷脱脂，时间可由24小时减至18小时，若把黄豆粉碎加工至小于0．177mm的细粉，则其脱脂时间可由原来0．42mm粗粉的18小时降至6小时；以乙醇代替甲醇进行提取，其产率从0．47％增至1.83％，在67℃、60％乙醇浓度时产率最高，细粉抽提两次已达提取总量的98．38％，能满足生产要求；以乙醚：甲醇（20：1）纯化，2000r／min离心分离，得黄豆皂甙。紫外可见吸收光谱发现黄豆皂甙含有4个吸收峰，分别为272、380、460和530nm；薄层色谱表明所提取的黄豆皂甙中含四种皂甙，具有甾体皂甙特点。上述工艺的改进可降低成本、增加产率、节约时间和保障生产安全。更多还原

【Abstract】 The technical processes of extraction saponin from soybean were studied. The degreasing time was reduced from 24 hours to 18 hours. When petroleum ether was used to replace he-cane, and decreased from 18 hours to 6 hours when the diameter Of soybean powder reduced from 0. 42mm to smaller than 0. 177mm. The production rate increased about 4 times if ethyl alcohol was used to substitute for methyl alcohol and the best condition was 60% ethyl alcohol at 67℃. The gross of extraction reached 98. 38% when the soybean powder was smaller than 0. 177mm extracting two times and met the requst of production. Purifying with ether and methyl alcohol (20: 1) and centrifuging (2000r/min) sapnion was obtained from soybean. There were four peaks of absorption (272, 380, 460, and 530nm) of the saponin in UV -VIS. Four kinds of saponins with the characteristic of steroidal saponins.were detected by TLC. This improved technics will reduce production costs, increase production rate, save bine and ensure safety of production.更多还原