【摘要】 系统回顾了建国以来我国扶贫政策的演变及其特点，重点分析了１９９６年以来我国政府实施的以扶持贫困人口为主的开发式消除贫困战略所采取的各项扶贫措施及其实施效果。探讨了过去若干年中我国扶贫政策实施效果的地区差异。对国家及某些贫困地区目前采取的脱贫政策与措施提出了一些分析性的评价。更多还原

【Abstract】 Poverty is a serious challenge facing the world today. Since the opening and reform, China’s economy has developed very quickly. At the same time, the number of poor people decreased from 250 million in 1978 to 58 million in 1996. However, poverty is still a prominent problem in the development of China. Since 1949, the Chinese government has promulgated a series of different poverty relief policies in different times. So, this paper reviewed the changes of poverty relief policies and stressed on analyzing the Chinese government’s explorative poverty relief policies, such as provide work as a form of relief, poverty relief by science & technology, site fixed poverty relief by organization, regional cooperation, resettlement of poor farmers, etc. Further more, the paper analyzed their implementation effects on solving basic survival problems: decreasing the size of the poverty-stricken population, promoting local economic development and improving environment. It also discussed the causes of the different effects of poverty relief in different regions in the past few years, and pointed out some problems in the implementation of poverty relief policies at present, such as emphasizing large scale poverty relief measures while neglecting birth control, excessive investment and scale in resettlement plan, etc. At last, the paper evaluated the latest poverty relief polices defined by the central government and the local provinces.更多还原