【摘要】 报告近亲幽灵蛛的核型分析,包括:染色体数目、形态结构和性染色体组成。实验材料采自石家庄郊区的校园中,细胞学数据主要来自对肝胎细胞有丝分裂中期的观察。实验结果表明:近亲幽灵蛛的染色体数目是:雄体细胞为25条,雌体细胞为26条。性别决定机制属XO系统,X染色体是核型中最长的1条(对),也是唯一1条(对)典型的业中部着丝粒染色体,这在我们过去的实验中尚属第一次发现。对近亲幽灵蛛的C-带标本分析表明:所有染色体都有明显的着丝粒带,只是X染色体及1~＃常染色体的着丝粒带为淡染带。4~＃常染色体长臂中部有一宽染深带。极具识别特点。5~＃常染色体中的1条具一般着丝粒带,另1条全部深染,表明它富含结构异染色质。此外,其常染色体1~＃、3~＃、4~＃、8~＃、11~＃、12~＃和X染色体上,除有着丝粒带外,在长臂末端均出现端粒带(T带),其产生机制有待进一步研究。在染色体G-显带标本中,获得了较清晰的带纹。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper reported the karyotype of the Pholcus affinis for first time. It involved the chromosomal number刢hromosomal form and structure and sex-chromosome components of Ph. affinis. The experiment material were collected in the campus of Hebei Educational College on the suburbs of Shijiazhuang. The cytological data were mainly obtained from mitosic metaphase of the embryo cells. The result shows the chromosomal number of Ph. affinis is as follows:the somatic cell have 25 chromosomes in the male and 26 chromosones in the female. It is considered that the mechanism of sex-determination is of the XO type. The X-chromosome is longest (pairs) and the only submetacentric chromosome in the karyotype. This is an important find in our past experiments. All autosomes seen to consist of telo-or aero-centrics. This effect has been demonstrated by its C-bands specimen. Anlysis of C-banding specimen proved that at all autosomes and X chromosome there are clear centromere bands, but centromere band of autosome 1# nd X-chromosome is light in colour. There is the wide and dark band at the middle of the long arm of autosome 4#. All one of the autosome 5" has been deep dyed. This showed autosome 5# as rich in constitutive heterochro mation. There are the telomeric bands on the others chromosomes, for instance,autosomes 1#,3#,4#,8#,11#,12# and X - chromosome. Its produce mechanism that remains to be solved. At the specimen of G-banding technique stable has been obtained.更多还原