【摘要】 根据我国1990年人口普查资料，分析影响老年人婚姻状况的因素。1990年，我国60岁及以上老年人的有配偶率男性为72．6％，女性为47．9％；丧偶率男性为23．6％，女性为51．4％。影响老年人婚姻状况的主要因素为地区、文化程度、职业与经济收入。其特点是农村男性老年人的未婚、丧失偶率高于城镇，有配偶率低于城镇；文化程度低与经济收入低者的有配偶率低、丧偶率高；服务性工作人员的有配偶率低、丧偶率高。从而认为，我国老年人中的文盲、半文盲者，经济收入低者，服务性工作人员的社会地位较低、健康状况较差，是医疗保健服务的重点。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper analyses the factors that influence the marital status of the aged on the basis of the data from 1990 cencus in China. The results show that, in the population aged 60 and over. 72. 6% of the men have spouses, while for the women, this figurer is 47. 9% ; 23.6% of the men are sidowers and 51. 4% of the women are widows. The region, educational level, occupation and income are the principal factors which influence the marital status of the aged. It shows that, among the elderly living in the rural areas, there are more unmarried persons, more bereeved spouses and fewer persons having spouses than in the urban areas ; there are fewer persons having spouses and more bereeved spouses among the older people who have lower income and less education; there are more bereeved spouses and fewer persons having spouses among the aged who worked in the service industry. It is concluded that poor health status exists among the older people who have lower social status, who are illiterate, semi-illiterate, economically disadvantaged and the persons who worked in the service industry. Therefore, the medical and health care should be stressed in the population of this age group.更多还原