【摘要】 对160例肾病内科住院患者进行了为期19个月的药物不良反应[ADRs]集中监测.160例出现ADRs者73例,239例次,ADRs发生率45.6%,平均例次为3.3±1.9例次.消化系统ADRs频度最高58.9%,其次为心血管系(50.7%)及神经系统(42.5%).ADRs表现频度顺序为恶心呕吐(15.4%)、白细胞数增加或减少、头痛、精神兴奋、心率加快、皮疹和血压升高等.ADRs中A型最多(95.4%),程度多为中度(69.4%),出现日第1周最多(67.4%).引起ADRs的药物,强的松最多(44.8%),其次为心痛定(7.9%)及环磷酰胺(7.5%)等.平均用药种数、次数及住院日数,ADRs组>非ADRs组 ,差异显著(P<0.01).肾功不良组ADRs发生率(58.8%)高于肾功正常组者(39.4%).从疾病分类看,继发性肾小球疾病ADRs发生率最高72.7%,其次为原发性肾小球疾病56.3%,泌尿系统感染性疾病最低26.2%;肾小球疾病中肾病综合征ADRs发生率最高94.7%.更多还原

【Abstract】 An intensive adverse drug reactions (ADRs) monitoring for 160 patients admitted to wards of renal diseases was performed over a period of 19 months (July, 1994~Jna, 1996). 239 ADRs were identified in 73 cases (ADRs rate: 45.6%). The average ADRs times per person was 3.3±1.9 times. The ADRs frequency of digestive system was the highest (58.9%), followed by those of cardiovascular system’s (50.7%) and nervous system(42.5%). The ADRs, in the order of their frequencies, included nausea and vomiting (15.4%), leukopenia/leukocytosis, headache, excitation, tachycardia, skin rash and BP increase etc. Most ADRs were classified as Type A(95.4%), moderate degree (69.4%) and appeared in the first week (67.4%) after treatment. The ADRs-causing drugs were prednison(44.8%), nifedipin(7.9%) and CTX(7.5%) etc. There were significant differences in average number of drugs used, times of drug use and hospitalization days between patients with ADRs and non-ADRs patients (P< 0.05). The ADRs rate of patient with abnormal renal function (58.8%) was higher than that of subjects with normal renal function (39.4%). The ADRs rate of secondary glumerulonephritis was the highest (72.7%) followed by that of the primary glumerulonephritis (56.3%). The rate of infectious diseases of urinary system was the lowest (26.2%). Among renal diseases the ADRs rate of nephrotic syndrome was the highest(94.7%).更多还原