【摘要】 本文简单介绍了各种先天性色觉异常的特性及常用的色觉检查方法。不同类型的先天性色觉异常在颜色匹配、光谱感受性、色差辨别等方面均表现出不同的特点，色觉检查方法就是在这些特点的基础上，根据异常者的某一色觉缺陷设计的。常用的检查方法有假同色图测验，色相排列测验和色盲镜等。一般来说，不同的检查方法各有所长，并应用于临床的不同阶段更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper introduced brieflycharacteristics of various congenital colorvision defects and commonly used testingmethods used. Different congenital colorvision defects had differentcharacteristics in color match,spectralsensitivity and color differencediscrimination etc.. Based on these characteristics, color vision tests were devised according to one of the color vision defects. The commonly used test methods were pseudoisochromatic plates, arrangement tests and anomaloscops and so on. In general, these testing methodshadtheir own virtues and were used indifferent clinical stages.更多还原