【摘要】 通过在棕壤、草甸土和水稻土上进行的田间试验和模拟试验表明，施用有机肥料一般使胡敏酸（HA）的脂族H（Ali-H的相对含量增加，聚亚甲基链长（n值）变短，芳香H（Ar-H）相对含量和由之计算的芳香度（faH）下降，从而导致HA中脂族Ali-H与Ar－H的比值增加，即发生了脂族化。其中猪粪（PM）比玉米秸杆（CS）和稻草（RS）等秸秆类有机物料更有利于HA的脂族化，且主要表现在烷基链烃中H（Alk-H）相对含量的增加；而CS和RS主要表现在增加碳水化合物中H（a－CH）的相对含量方面。研究还表明，HA在DMSO-d6和NaOH-d1溶剂系统中的1H-NMR波谱，可相互补充的提供信息。用1H-NMR果相对地比较土壤有机培肥中HA结构特征的变化是较13C-NMR更为简便的方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to learn how the organic manure applicahon influences the structural characterishcs of humic acids in soils, a comparahve study was initiated by the method of 1H-NMR spectra of humic acids separated from the soils (brown soil,meadow soil and paddy soil) with and without organic manure applications (pigmanure, com stalk and rice straw) in field and incubation experiments. The results obtained are summarized as follows:In the solvent system of DMScr-d6, the absorphon peaks of H-NMR spectra were0.8, 1-2, 3.4, 3.7, 4.4, 6.7, 7.2 and 8.1ppm. The absorphon peaks of 0.8 and 1.2ppm were the contribuhon of - CH3 and polymethylene chain (- CH2 -) n in saturatedhydrocarbons respechvely, the signals of 3.4, 3.7 and 4.4ppm were due to the Hconnected with the carbons in carbonhydrate (a-CH); and the peaks at 6.7, 7.2 and 8.1ppm were generally assigned to aromatic H and -CooH (Ar-H). In the solvent system of NaOHd1, signals at 1.8, 2.1, and 2.4ppm. were found. It was suggestedthat these arise from protons attached to carbon a to aromatic ring or otherunsatUrated groups and a-CH or β-CH in indanes and tetralins of the humic acid.Applicahon of organic manures led to the increase in the relahve content of aliphahc H (ali-H). However, the methy1ene chains (n value) becarne shorter after organic manure applicahon. On the other hand, the content of aromahc protons (Ar-H) and aromahcity (faH) in humic acids decreased because of organic manure application,which resulted in the increase in the raho of aliphahc H to Ar-H in the humic acids.Results also showed that pig manure (PM) was more effechve than com stalk (CS) or rice straw (RS) in raising the proportion of aliphahc chain hydrocarbons in humic acids. Whereas CS and RS were more effechve in increasing the relahve content of carbohydrates in humic acids.更多还原