【摘要】 选用穗部性状典型的小麦品种资源，采用双列杂交法研究了穗部性状的遗传特点及相关关系。结果表明：穗长、结实小穗数、小穗粒数、穗粒数和主穗粒重均符合加性－显性遗传模型，且显性基因增效，隐性基因减效。以基因加性效应为主的性状穗长与结实小穗数，亲本性状的遗传传递力与亲本性状表现一致；以显性效应为主的千粒重，亲本性状传递力与亲本含显性增效基因多少一致；在加性、显性效应各占一定比例的穗粒数、主穗粒重和具有一定互作效应小穗粒数等性状的遗传中，亲本性状遗传传递力是加性、显性效应共同作用结果。提高穗粒数、小穗粒数较结实小穗数作用更大；提高单穗粒重、穗粒数较千粒重作用更大更多还原

【Abstract】 A study Was carried out on the selected typical materials,the inheritance and correla tion of spike-section characteristics in hexaploid wheat by 6×6 diallel crossing system.The results indicated that spike lengh,spikelets,kernels per spikelet,kernels per spike,1000-kernel-weight and kernel weight per spike all fit the additive-dominance genetical model,and dominant genes have positive effects,recessive genes have negative effects.Inheritance of spike length,spikelets exhibits principally additive effects,and their transmission behaves in accordonce with manifestation of the parents; Inheritance of 1000-kernel-weight exhibits principally dominant effects,their transmissions behave more or less in accorded with the number of dominant genes of positive effects;Inheritance of kernels per spike,kernel weight per spike exhibits both additive and dominant effects,and their transmission of parents behaves in adccordance with the number of both dominant genes and additive effects.The analysis of correlation among spike-section characteristics indicated a higher correlation between kernels per spikelet than that between spikelets and kernels per spike,and a higher correlation between kernels per spike than that between 1000-kernel-weight and kernel weight per spike.更多还原