【摘要】 以扬麦１５８、铁杆小麦为研究材料，于１９９１～１９９４年研究了胚乳细胞增殖动态及其与籽粒形态发育和粒重的关系，小麦籽粒胚乳细胞数在花后１４ｄ基本决定，增殖动态可用Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄｓ方程拟合，决定系数达极显著水平。籽粒胚乳细胞数目、胚乳细胞充实度（单个细胞重量）与粒重均存在显著或极显著正相关，ｒ值分别为０．８３６０＊＊和０．６９７２＊。粒位间胚乳细胞数顺序，４粒小穗为２＞３＞１＞４，３粒小穗为２＞１＞３。强势粒胚乳细胞起始生长势、细胞最大分裂速率、胚乳细胞分裂各时期新增比率均高于弱势粒，且活跃分裂期较长，胚乳细胞数较弱势粒多，差异达极显著水平。通径分析表明籽粒胚乳细胞数目对粒重的影响最大，单个胚乳细胞重量次之。更多还原

【Abstract】 The changes in endosperm cell number were systematically observed in wheat (Tr.aestivum L.CV Yangmai 158 and Tieganmai) from 1991～1994.The endosperm cell number of wheat grain was determined on the 14th day after anthesis. The Richards equation could be used to match the endosperm cell number changes . The endosperm cell number and filling degree (weight of single endosperm cell) were significantly related to grain weight (r=0.836 0**, r=0.697 2* respectively) . The endosperm cell number of grains at different positions in a spilkelet with 4 grains were 2>3>1>4. Initial growth power and maximum cell proliferating rate and percentage of new cells at different endosperm cell division stages of vigorous grains were higher than those of weak grains. The active proliferation duration was also longer, endosperm cell number was greater than that of weak grains. Path analysis showed that the influence of endosperm cell number on grain weight was greater than single endosperm cell weight.更多还原